Grooving-machine.



PATENTED APR. 12, 1904.

No. 757,084. 0. BOEHM.

GROOVING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 25, 1903.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

NO MODEL.

Attorney PETERS co. PNOTQLITHQ. WASHINGTON n, 0.

PATBNTED'APR 12, 1904;

' 0. BOEHM.

GROOVINGMAOHINE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 25, 1903.

N0 MODEL. 6 SHEETS-SHEET Z.

Lgz'n Z. 24

Inventor Witnesses v I By 1 WW, v

in: "cams FETER5 ca, FNOTD-LITHO-. wAsulNmOrg. a. c

No. 757,084. PATENTED APR. 12, 1904.

0. BOEHM.

GROOVING MAGHINE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 26,1903. N0 MODEL. 6 SHEETSSHEET 3.

Inventor Witnesses Attorney In: "cams Plrrzns c0. Pnomuma. WASNINGTON, D c.-

No. 757,084. PATENTED APR. 12, 1904.

o. BOEHM. GROOVING MAGHINB.

Witnesses m: Nomus PETERS co, PHovo-urna. WASHINOYDN. I)v c.

PATBNTBD APR. 12, 1904.

0. BOEHM. GROOVING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED JUNE 25, 1903. N0 MODEL. 6 SHEETS-BHEBT 5.

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No.757,084.- h I PATENTED APR. 12, 1904. 0. BOEHM';

GROOVING MACHINE;

APPLIOATION IILED mm: as, 1903. y no monnn. 6 BHEBTS -BHEET e.

Witnesses Atturney UNITED I STATES Patented April 12, 1904.

"OTTO BOEHM, or BALTIMORE, MARYLAND.

GROOVlNG-IVIACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 757,084, dated. April 12,1904.

Application filed June 25, 1903. Serial No. 163,078. (No model.) i I To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, OTTO BOEHM, a citizen of the United States, residing at Baltimore, in the State of Maryland, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Grooving-Machines; and I do declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to new and useful improvements in grooving-machines of that class designed for forming dovetailed grooves in the ends of boards or shooks which are to be dovetailed together to form boxes, frames, or the like.

The object of the invention is to provide a" machine of this character which is simple in' construction, durable in use, and very efficient in operation.

With this and other objects in view the invention consists of certain novel features of construction, combination, and arrangement i of parts, as will be mor e fully described, and

particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

view looking in the oppositedirection and showing the parts adapted for cutting the side boards or shocks of boxes. Fig. 6 is a detail horizontal sectional view taken on the line 6 6 of Fig. 2. Figs. 7 and 8 are respectively side and end elevations of one of the tools used for cutting the grooves in boards which are to form the ends of boxes. Figs. 9 and 10 are similar views of one of the tools used for cutting the grooves in side boards of boxes. Fig. 11 is a detail view of the bell-crank lever for regulating the depth of the grooves cut in the side boards of boxes. Fig. 12 is a side and an end View of a portion of a board which is to form the end of a box. Fig.13 is a side and an end view of a portion of a board which i is to form the side of a box. Fig. 14-. is a perspective View of one corner of a box, show ing the lock-joint formed when the boards cut or grooved upon my machine are dovetailed together.

Referring more particularly to the drawings, the numeral 1 denotes the main frame, which maybe of any desired construction,

but which preferably consists. of two sides 2,

riage, upon which the boards or shooks to be grooved are clamped, is in the form of an open rectangular frame consisting of two side bars 10, having their ends suitably connected and their oppositely-disposed inner faces formed with rack-teeth 11. Upon the rear end of the carriage is a fixed upright 12, to which a horizontal cross-bar 13 is secured. A similar upright 12 is slidably mounted upon the forward or front end of the carriage and is provided with a cross-bar 13, similar to the bar 13. Secured to said bars 13. and 13 are two pairs of clamping-jaws 15 15 and 16 16, be tween which the boards or shooks to be grooved are clamped. Said jaws are adjustably secured to the cross-bars by providing longitudinal slots 14 in the latter and pass. ing screws 14: through said slots and into the jaws. In order to clamp any desired number of boards between said jaws, the jaws 16 16 are adjusted toward and from the jaws 15 15 by providing a screw-rod 17, which :extends lengthwise of the carriage and operates in a threaded aperture in the sliding upright'l2. Said screw-rod 17 passes throughand is swiveled in a'fixed upright 18 upon the front end of the carriage. A pinion 19 uponthe forward end of the screw-rod is in meshwith a gear 20 upon a stub-shaft journaled inthe u per portion of said upright 18. A hand-wheel 21 is secured to said stub-shaft, so that upon the rotation of the same the screw-rod 17 will be operated to move the jaws 16 .16 toward or from the jaws 15.

Upon each side of the work-supporting carriage 9 is an adjustable sliding carriage 22, upon which rotary cutting-tools are mounted. Each-of these tool-carriages comprises a horizontal base-plate 23, three pairs of vertical uprights 24 24 24 upon the upper surface of said plate and two depending hangers 25 upon the bottom of said plate. The sides of the plates 23 are formed with ribs or tongues 26, which engage and slide in the grooves 7 in the upper rails 4 of the sides of the frame. The inner end of each of the carriages 22 is provided with a transversely-disposed trackrail 27 upon which the lower forked ends 28 of the clamping-jaws 15 15 and 16 16* are adapted to slide as the worksupporting carriage 9 is reciprocated.

In order to permit the boards or shooks upon the work-supporting carriage to be alined and squared, I provide upon one of the carriages adjustable brackets 23, in which a set-screw. Secured to each of said spindlesbetween theuprights 24 is a pinion 31. These pinions upon each adjacent spindle are offset, so that upon each alternate spindle they will be in the same plane. This arrangement permits any two adjacent pinions in the same plane to mesh with gears 32, which are secured upon shafts 33, journaled in the pair of uprights 24. Pinions 34, secured to said shafts 33, are in mesh with gears 35, secured upon shafts 36, journaled in the pair of uprights 24 The gears are adapted to be connected or geared together by a small gear or pinion 37 which is journaled in an adjustable lever or arm 38. Said lever 38 has its upper end pivoted to a cross-bar connecting said uprights and has its lower end adjustably connected to one of the uprightsby a pivoted screw-rod 39. The free end of the screw 39 passes through an aperture in the lever, and a lock-nut 40 is provided upon each side of the same to lock said lever in the desired position. By this construction the upper gear 35 may be disconnected, as shown by the dotted lines in Fig. 4, to throw the four upper spindles out of operation when it is desired to cut a smaller number of grooves in the ends of the boards. It will be understood that these groups of gears may be repeated and any desired number of tool-spindles may be used.

Upon the outer end of the lower shaft 36 is secured a gear 41, which meshes with a gear 42, secured upon a shaft 43, journaled in bearings upon the plate 23 of the carriage. A pinion 44 upon said shaft 43 meshes with a gear 45, secured upon a shaft 46, which is journaled in bearings formed in the hangers 25, depending from the bottom of the plate 23. Secured to the shaft 46 is a broad-face gear 47, which is adapted to mesh with a gear 48 upon a central longitudinal drive-shaft 49. This shaft is journaled in suitable bearings upon the cross-bars 3 at the ends of the frame and is provided at one end with a band-wheel or pulley 50, which is adaped to be connected to a suitable power-shaft by a belt or band. (Not illustrated.) The rotation of this shaft 49 will impart motion to the series of cuttingtools upon each of the carriages 22 by means of the intermediate gearing just described. It will be seen that the gearing is so arranged that the tool-spindles upon both carriages will be rotated in the same direction and the tools upon the two carriages will have their cutting edges reversed, as will be readily understood.

In order to adjust the tool-carriages 22 to- 4 ward and from the work-supporting carriage 9, I provide oppositely-screw-threaded rods 51, which pass through threaded apertures in the depending hangers 25. The inner ends of these screw-rods 51 have a swiveled connection in brackets upon the braces 6 and are provided with beveled pinions 52, which mesh with a beveled gear 53, secured upon one end of a shaft 54. Said shaft 54 is journaled in bearings secured to the vertical braces 6 and is provided upon its outer end with a handwheel 55. The rotation of this wheel 55 will cause the screw-rods 51 to turn, and the V carriages will thereby be moved toward or from each other and the work-supporting-carriage 9.

In order to reciprocate the Work-supporting carriage or table, and thus move the work which is clamped between the jaws 15 15 and 16 16 across the faces of the cutting-tools, I provide a drive pinion or gear 56, which is adapted to be moved into mesh with either of the racks 11 of the carriage 9. Said gear 56 is journaled upon the upper end of a vertical swinging shaft 57-, the lower end of which is journaled in a bearing 58, pivoted to a block secured to the lower rail 5 of the frame. The

IIO

upper portion of said shaft 57 is journaled in imparted to the vertical shaft 57, and the rotation of the pinion 56 will move the carriage 9 either forwardly or rearwardly, according to which of the two rack-bars 11 said gear is engaged with.

When it is desired to cut or groove the ends of boards or shooks which are to form the ends of boxes, cutting-tools 69, such as are illustrated in Figs. 7 and 8 of the drawings, are inserted in the sockets of the tool-spindles These tools have a flaring or conicalshaped cutting end consisting of four curved cutting edges 70, formed upon a stem or shank 71. These flaring cutting edges are adapted to groove the ends of the boards or shooks, as shownin Fig. 12 of the drawings.

The operation of the machine when the end boards of the boxes are grooved is as follows: The work-supporting carriage being in its extreme forward position, the desired number of boards or shooks are placed upon the same with their ends abutting against the stop 23 and clamped between the jaws 15 15 and 16, 16 by operating the hand-wheel 21. Motion is then imparted to the drive-shaft 19, which will in turn impart motion to the tool-spindles upon each of the tool-carriages through the connecting gearing previously described. The motion of the drive-shaft 4:9 will also be imparted to the vertical shaft 57 and its pinion 56 to move the carriage 9, so as to draw the boards or shooks or other work upon the sameacross the cutting-tools upon thecarriages. After the work has "been moved past the cutting-tools the hand-lever 61 is shifted to move the pinion 57 into mesh with the opposite rack 11 in order to return the carriage to its forward position. When this lever is in its central position, the pinion 57 will not be engaged with either rack 11 and the carriage will remain stationary. When the carriage is in its forward position, the finished or grooved boards may be removed and replaced by uncut boards, and the operation previously described is repeated. Should it be desired to cut the grooves in the end boards to a greater or less depth, the screws 14 are first loosened to permit them to slide in the slots 14 in the cross bars 13 13 and the handwheel 55 is then operated to move the toolcarriages 22 to the desired position. The

screws 14 are then tightened to clamp the jaws 15 15 and 16 16 to the cross-bars 13 13, and the brackets 23 are also adjusted so that the boards may be properly centered between the cutting-tools.

When it is desired to cut the grooves in the .portion 7 6.

ends of boards or shooks which are to form the sides of the boxes, I make certain changes in the machine, owing to the nature of the grooves or cuts to be made. These grooves are illustrated in Fig. 13 of the drawings, and

it will be noticed that the side boards must be i cut one at a time-that is, a plurality of boards for the sides of the boxes cannot be cut at the same time. To this end the clamping-jaws 15 15" and 16 16* are removed, and the larger but similar jaws 15 15 and 16 16 are substituted therefor, as shown in Fig. 5 of the drawings. The substitution of these jaws leaves but a narrow space between them, which is just sufficient to receive one board, said board being inserted and removed, as previously described.

Instead of using the rack-and-pinion feed for reciprocating the work-supporting carriage I provide an automatic feed by connecting a depending bracket 73 with a pivoted bell-crank lever 7 4:, as shown in Fig. 5. The bracket 73 is removable and is only inserted in the opening 7 3 in the forward end of the carriage 9 when it is desired to cut the sides of boxes. Screws 7 3 passing through aperturesin the enlarged head of said bracket, fasten the same to the carriage. The bellcrank lever 741 is pivoted at 75 to one of the braces 6 and has one of its arms 7 6f adjustable, as shown in Fig. 11, to permit the movement of the carriage to be regulated, and hence to vary the size of the cut or groove, as hereinafter explained. The adjustable portion 7 6 of'this arm has its lower end pivoted to the rigid portion 76 and has its upper portion connected to the same by a screw 76". Said screw is pivoted to the portion 7 6 and passes through an elongated aperture in the A binding-nut 76 upon said screw limits the separation of said portions of the arm. A screw 7 6 operating in a threaded aperture in the portion 7 6 impinges upon the portion 7 6* to hold said portions of the arm rigid. By operating the nut 7 6 and the screw 7 6" it will be seen that said arm may be adjusted to vary its angle with respect-to'the fixed arm-7 7 of the bell-crank lever. The upper end of the portion 76 is provided with an elongated aperture, through which a pin 78 is passed to attach the lever to the bracket 73.

The arm 77 of thebell-crank lever is con' nected by a link 79 to a lever 80, which is pivoted at 81 to the braces 6 of the main frame. The free end of this lever is forked or bifurcated, as shown at 81, and the arms of the same are provided with frictionrollers 82, which are adapted to-engage a cam-wheel 83, secured upon a horizontal shaft 84:. Said shaft 8& is suitably journaled in bearings secured to the braces 6 and is provided with a fixed gear 85. The gear 67, which is secured to the main drive-shaft 49 by the set-screw 68 and which meshes with the gear 66 when the rack-and-pinion feed is used, is adapted to be moved out of engagement with the gear 66 through these gears 67 and 85, and the rotation of the cam 83. will oscillate the lever 80, which in turn will oscillate the bell-crank lever 74: through the link 7 9 to reciprocate the carriage 9. The cam 83 is shaped so as to time the movement of the carriage and to permit the same to remain quiet in its forward position during the greater portion of the revolution of the cam in order to permit the operator to remove and insert the boards or shooks between the clamping-jaws of the work-supporting carriage. By adjusting the arm 76 of the bell-crank lever the degree of reciprocation of the carriage may be regulated to vary the size of the cut or groove made by the tools.

In cutting the grooves in the ends of the side boards or shooks the cutting-tools previously described are removed from the toolspindles and those illustrated in Figs. 9 and 10 of the drawings are inserted. These tools consist of a shank or tang 86, formed at one end with a head 87 having, preferably, six cutting edges or blades. These blades are slightly tapered longitudinally to cut a similar-shaped groove, and thus enable the boards to be dovetailed together more easily. The end of the head 87 is formed with a transverse dovetailed groove 88, in which a flat plate 89 is secured by a screw 90. The ends of this plate or blade are provided with fine teeth 91, which prevent tearing of the wood and permit a neat finished groove to be made. i

The operation of the invention in cutting either the side or end boards or shooks will be readily understood upon reference to the foregoing description and the accompanying drawings, and it will be seen that I have provided a simple, durable, and eflicient machine. While I have illustrated and described eight cutting-tools mounted upon each carriage, it

will be understood that any desirednumber may be employed, and any arrangement of gearing may be used to drive the same.

Various other changes in the form, proportion, and the minor details of construction may be resorted to without departing from the principle or sacrificing any of the advantages of this invention.

While I have described the tools illustrated in Figs. 7 and 8 of the drawings as being used for cutting grooves in the end boards of boxes, it will be understood that the grooves cut by these tools may be formed in either the side or end boards, and the same is true of the grooves cut by the tools illustrated in Figs. 9 and 10.

From the foregoing description, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, the construction and operation of the invention will be readily understood without requiring a more extended explanation.

Having thus fully described my invention, What I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a machine of the character described, a series of tool-spindles provided with pinions, the pinions upon adjacent spindles being olfset so that the pinions of alternate spindles will lie in the same plane, and actuating-gears, each meshing with a plurality of adjacent pinions in the same plane.

2. In a machine of the character described, a series of tool-spindles provided with pinions, the pinions upon adjacent spindles being offset so that the pinions of alternate spindles will lie in the same plane, a series of driving-shafts therefor, each of said driving-shafts being provided with gears, each meshing with a plurality of adjacent pinions in the same plane, and with driving-pinions and gears for operating said driving-pinions, one of said operating-gears being adjustable so as to be thrown in and out of gear to vary the number of driven spindles, substantially as described.

3. In a grooving-machine, the combination of a suitable frame, transverse guides upon said frame, a worlcsupporting carriage movable along said guides and formed with oppositely-disposed rack-bars, a main drive-shaft in said frame, an oscillating shaft, driving connections between said shafts, a pinion upon said oscillating shaft adapted to mesh with either of said rack-bars to reciprocate said carriage, means for shifting said pinion into engagement with either rack-bar, and toolcarriages upon said frame provided with suitable cutting-tools, substantially as described.

4:. In a grooving-machine, the combination of a suitable frame, guides upon said frame, a work-supporting carriage movable along said guides and provided with a depending bracket, a drive-shaft in said frame, a secondary shaft geared to said drive-shaft, a cam upon said secondary shaft, a pivoted lever actuated by said cam, a bell-crank lever connected to said bracket upon the carriage, a connection between said lever and bell-crank lever, toolcarri-ages mounted upon said frame and provided with a plurality of rotary cutting-tools, and means for driving said tools, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

OTTO BOEHM. Witnesses:

WILLIAM S. VVooD.

E. A. HENG. 

